Building components and theire functions/ foundation/plinth/Floor/wall/Roof/windows/Doors/staircase/parapet/weather shead/lintels/Beams/columns/slab/footing

Different Building components are as follow

1)Foundation-

It is the lowermost part of the Building which is below ground level and not visible.Its function is to transfer the load of building to transfer load of Building to the hard strata.

2)Plinth- 

This is part of building just above the ground level. It's function is to raise floor level above surrounding soil so as to provide protection from rainwater and crawling animals and insects

3)Floor- 

It is plane surface made up of tiles or special stones like granite or marble.

4)wall - 

These are the members which determine the boundaries of the building and seperate the rooms. In load bearing structure walls carry load but in framed structure they act as a separator only.

5)Roof - 

This is the top covering of Building. This may be flat or sloped the function of roof is to protect inside of Building from rain ,direct sunlight,  snow.

6)Windows -

These are the openings provided in the extwrnal wall for the purpose of entering light and air inside the building.

7)Door-  

These are the openings which allow enterance in building and circulation through different rooms.

8)Staircase -

This is series of connected steps provided for connecting one floor to another 

9)Parapet -

This is the wall provided for safety of the terrace users.

10)weather shed - 

It is provided to prevent entry of rainwater and direct sunlight from windows inside the room. 

11)Lintels -

These are small beams provided over openings so that portion of wall above opening can be supported.It also support weather shed. 

12 ) Slab - 

It issolid horizontal flat member put on the beams or walls to support floor or act as floor or act as floor and roof

13)Beams- 

It is horizontal structural member which carries the load of slab and transfers to columns. 

14)Columns -

These are vertical load carrying members which carreis load of beam and load coming on beam and  transmite them to footing.